Group Research: What does it mean to FOLLOW YOUR BLISS
Question 1
a) Joseph Campbell's " Mono myth" from his book. The Hero With A Thousand Faces.
Myth = deep symbolic truth that crosses between consciousness.
Carl Jung's Theory of archetypes. "Archetype"
The 7 Archetype
- Hero: "The Hero is the protagonist or central character, whose primary purpose is to separate from the ordinary world and sacrifice himself for the service of the Journey at hand - to answer the challenge, complete the quest and restore the Ordinary World's balance. We experience the Journey through the eyes of the Hero."
- Mentor: "The Mentor provides motivation, insights and training to help the Hero."
- Threshold Guardian: "Threshold Guardians protect the Special World and its secrets from the Hero, and provide essential tests to prove a Hero's commitment and worth."
- Herald: "Herald characters issue challenges and announce the coming of significant change. They can make their appearance anytime during a Journey, but often appear at the beginning of the Journey to announce a Call to Adventure. A character may wear the Herald's mask to make an announcement or judgment, report a news flash, or simply deliver a message."
- Shapeshifter: "The Shapeshifter's mask misleads the Hero by hiding a character's intentions and loyalties."
- Shadow: "The Shadow can represent our darkest desires, our untapped resources, or even rejected qualities. It can also symbolize our greatest fears and phobias. Shadows may not be all bad, and may reveal admirable, even redeeming qualities. The Hero's enemies and villains often wear the Shadow mask. This physical force is determined to destroy the Hero and his cause."
- Trickster: "Tricksters relish the disruption of the status quo, turning the Ordinary World into chaos with their quick turns of phrase and physical antics. Although they may not change during the course of their Journeys, their world and its inhabitants are transformed by their antics. The Trickster uses laughter [and ridicule] to make characters see the absurdity of the situation, and perhaps force a change."
d)Who is the Hero?
Sam is the hero.
e) The hero's journey : what is it??
"The Hero’s Journey is a pattern of narrative identified by the American scholar Joseph Campbell that appears in drama, storytelling, myth, religious ritual, and psychological development. It describes the typical adventure of the archetype known as The Hero, the person who goes out and achieves great deeds on behalf of the group, tribe, or civilization."
(reference : http://www.thewritersjourney.com/hero's_journey.htm)
- The Call to Adventure
The call to adventure is the point in a person's life when they are first given notice that everything is going to change, whether they know it or not. - Refusal of the Call
Often when the call is given, the future hero refuses to heed it. This may be from a sense of duty or obligation, fear, insecurity, a sense of inadequacy, or any of a range of reasons that work to hold the person in his or her current circumstances. - Supernatural Aid
Once the hero has committed to the quest, consciously or unconsciously, his or her guide and magical helper appears, or becomes known. - The Crossing of the First Threshold
This is the point where the person actually crosses into the field of adventure, leaving the known limits of his or her world and venturing into an unknown and dangerous realm where the rules and limits are not known. - The Belly of the Whale
The belly of the whale represents the final separation from the hero's known world and self. It is sometimes described as the person's lowest point, but it is actually the point when the person is between or transitioning between worlds and selves. The separation has been made, or is being made, or being fully recognized between the old world and old self and the potential for a new world/self. The experiences that will shape the new world and self will begin shortly, or may be beginning with this experience which is often symbolized by something dark, unknown and frightening. By entering this stage, the person shows their willingness to undergo a metamorphosis, to die to him or herself.
- The Road of Trials
The road of trials is a series of tests, tasks, or ordeals that the person must undergo to begin the transformation. Often the person fails one or more of these tests, which often occur in threes. - The Meeting with the Goddess
The meeting with the goddess represents the point in the adventure when the person experiences a love that has the power and significance of the all-powerful, all encompassing, unconditional love that a fortunate infant may experience with his or her mother. It is also known as the "hieros gamos", or sacred marriage, the union of opposites, and may take place entirely within the person. In other words, the person begins to see him or herself in a non-dualistic way. This is a very important step in the process and is often represented by the person finding the other person that he or she loves most completely. Although Campbell symbolizes this step as a meeting with a goddess, unconditional love and /or self unification does not have to be represented by a woman. - Woman as the Temptress
At one level, this step is about those temptations that may lead the hero to abandon or stray from his or her quest, which as with the Meeting with the Goddess does not necessarily have to be represented by a woman. For Campbell, however, this step is about the revulsion that the usually male hero may feel about his own fleshy/earthy nature, and the subsequent attachment or projection of that revulsion to women. Woman is a metaphor for the physical or material temptations of life, since the hero-knight was often tempted by lust from his spiritual journey. - Atonement with the Father
In this step the person must confront and be initiated by whatever holds the ultimate power in his or her life. In many myths and stories this is the father, or a father figure who has life and death power. This is the center point of the journey. All the previous steps have been moving in to this place, all that follow will move out from it. Although this step is most frequently symbolized by an encounter with a male entity, it does not have to be a male; just someone or thing with incredible power. For the transformation to take place, the person as he or she has been must be "killed" so that the new self can come into being. Sometime this killing is literal, and the earthly journey for that character is either over or moves into a different realm. - Apotheosis
To apotheosize is to deify. When someone dies a physical death, or dies to the self to live in spirit, he or she moves beyond the pairs of opposites to a state of divine knowledge, love, compassion and bliss. This is a god-like state; the person is in heaven and beyond all strife. A more mundane way of looking at this step is that it is a period of rest, peace and fulfillment before the hero begins the return. - The Ultimate Boon
The ultimate boon is the achievement of the goal of the quest. It is what the person went on the journey to get. All the previous steps serve to prepare and purify the person for this step, since in many myths the boon is something transcendent like the elixir of life itself, or a plant that supplies immortality, or the holy grail.
- Refusal of the Return
So why, when all has been achieved, the ambrosia has been drunk, and we have conversed with the gods, why come back to normal life with all its cares and woes? - The Magic Flight
Sometimes the hero must escape with the boon, if it is something that the gods have been jealously guarding. It can be just as adventurous and dangerous returning from the journey as it was to go on it. - Rescue from Without
Just as the hero may need guides and assistants to set out on the quest, often times he or she must have powerful guides and rescuers to bring them back to everyday life, especially if the person has been wounded or weakened by the experience. Or perhaps the person doesn't realize that it is time to return, that they can return, or that others need their boon. - The Crossing of the Return Threshold
The trick in returning is to retain the wisdom gained on the quest, to integrate that wisdom into a human life, and then maybe figure out how to share the wisdom with the rest of the world. This is usually extremely difficult. - Master of the Two Worlds
In myth, this step is usually represented by a transcendental hero like Jesus or Buddha. For a human hero, it may mean achieving a balance between the material and spiritual. The person has become comfortable and competent in both the inner and outer worlds. - Freedom to Live
Mastery leads to freedom from the fear of death, which in turn is the freedom to live. This is sometimes referred to as living in the moment, neither anticipating the future nor regretting the past.
f) Describe 3 examples and how they fit the pattern of the
g) Picasso Guernica 1937 " Wounded man and Bull, the Shaft"
Question 2
a) How does the the shift from a hunter-gathering economy to an agricultural change human society?
Man lived the life of the hunter-gatherer for millions of years. Human beings survived and spread over the earth even during such harsh climatic times as ice ages. It has been argued that human society as a hunter-gatherer was far more beneficial to the individual than our modern life. These hunting societies were so successful that they managed to drive many prey species to extinction using only stone spears as weapons.
When agriculture came on the scene, it allowed people to give up the nomadic life and settle in one location. People often congregated around a reliable source of food, such as a river with spawning salmon. These areas were some of the first that were cultivated. It takes a lot of work to prepare the soil for planting and tend crops. Along with the extra work comes a surplus of food that can provide for larger populations. Cities developed which relied on the growing of various foods to supply them with energy. Labor was done by hand, and there developed a class system with people stratifying into leaders and followers.
Hunter-gatherer societies still survive in isolated regions of the earth inhabited by tribal peoples. These people often live in forest regions that are rich in game and forageable foods. Hunter-gatherers do not live in high concentrations in these areas. It takes a large area of land to support a human being. Often, these people engage in tribal wars for territory or other necessities of life. People lived this way for millions of years. Language was developed in such societies. Primitive peoples also engaged in artistic activities like cave painting and singing and dancing.
Agriculture allowed a ruling class to develop. Agricultural societies were some of the first to employ slaves to do the backbreaking work of planting and harvesting. These societies developed permanent structures, water distribution systems, governments, and armies. Modern society is the result of ten thousand years of agriculture. Farming is the bedrock on which our modern world is built.
Farmers did not just grow plants for sustenance. Agricultural societies developed domesticated animals as a ready source of meat. Land that was in grass could be used to grow sheep for wool and meat. People were no longer reliant on an unsteady supply of game from disappearing wild stocks for high-quality food. Animals also provided milk and eggs, good sources of protein. The animal wastes from the farms were applied to the fields as fertilizer to increase yields long before people understood the scientific reasons behind the use of fertilizer.
Some people think it is the organization of people into states and the construction of cities that led to civilization. None of this would have been possible without the farmers to feed all these people. It is agriculture that allowed some people to lead lives of leisure and develop writing and science. Society was built on the work of the poor people, often held in slavery. Human beings developed a heirarchical society in which a privileged upper class controlled the lower classes that were doing the actual work. Even animals were pressed into service as a source of mechanical energy for the plowing of fields and the threshing of grain.
Today, modern society does not rely on slave labor. People have become intelligent enough to devise machines to do the hard labor of plowing and planting. Our machines run on energy derived from petroleum, coal, nuclear, or hydro power. The earth is home to over six billion people now. We need the power of machines to plant and harvest our crops. We live in buildings with water supplied by pumps and convenient toilet facilities. Our words can be published for the world to read at the click of a virtual button. There are many advantages to living in the modern world. We have health care that goes far beyond what our ancestors could have imagined. We can travel great distances in comfort. All of this is made possible by agriculture, which supplies food for the billions of people on earth.
b)What does it means about daily life?
Daily life is about the repetition in doing something everyday and regularly until the end of life. For example the Egypt life..their daily life is about family life, marriage, foods and cooking, cosmetics, hair, jewelry, clothing, housing and furniture, entertainment, and government. They care of all these things throughout their whole life and do it continually.
c) How does that show up in the representative technologies employed by the two group?
The hunter-gatherer used only stone spears as weapons to hunt for the food everyday. They will manipulate the landscape through cutting or burning undesirable plants while encouraging desirable one, some may even going to the extent of slash and burn to create habitat for game animal.
The agricultural society start creating some system and slave in order to look for their daily supplies. they relied on others to hunt, to built and to plant for them.
d) What would be the difference we might expect in the shelter where people live?
The difference would be from the perspective of our point of view. How we interpret it or see it is individually different. Sometimes things are just stayed unknown to us until we experienced it ourselves.
e) What other aspect of culture would we expect?
1. Culture may be learned 'directly' or 'indirectly' in social interaction. One can learn culture by reading a book as well as by interacting directly with others.
2. There is quantitative aspect of culture too; we may say that an object is cultural to a greater or less degree, depending upon how many persons share it.
3. Although culture is abstract and intangible, its influence is far from superficial. A food taboo can be internalized so deeply that the digestive system will revolt if the taboo is violated. The involuntary physiological responses to embarrassment, blushing, stammering are controlled by culture.
The smallest meaningful unit of culture is called a trait. Related traits can be put together to form trait complexes. Trait complexes can be put together to form still broader categories, called configurations, which form the overall patterns, the distinctive flavour of a particular culture.
A common practice is to view culture as made up of two large and inter-related components: material culture and non-material culture.
Material culture includes anything that human being use or make, while the process by which it is made, and the way it should be used are non-material culture.
f) How would it be represented in their beliefs?
Through ceremony, events or party.
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